基本流程

剪切利润率的重要事实支持的一个重要部分冰流重力驱动压力是最终由过剩引起基底冰流的润滑,导致局势td <结核病甚至td < <结核病。(Raymond, 2000;Tulaczyk et al ., 2000 a, b;Kamb, 2001)。早期的冰流力学模型专注于硬床上的应用滑动理论假设由于基底润滑ice-bed由冰川下的水膜分离/层(例如Weertman & Birchfield, 1982)。然而,在最近几十年冰流的学生关注的软层状包体基底冰流条件下,以树干的冰期海岸冰流(小巷et al ., 1986 a, 1987 a, b, 1989;布兰肯希普et al ., 1986、1987、2001;宾利,1987;MacAyeal, 1989 a, b, 1992 b;Kamb, 1991;范·德·维恩Whillans &, 1993、1997、2001;Echelmeyer et al ., 1994;恩格尔哈特& Kamb, 1997;史密斯,1997 a, b; Harrison et al., 1998; Hulbe & MacAyeal, 1999; Anandakrishnan et al., 2003; Vaughan et al., 2003b; and many others). Kamb (2001) provides a comprehensive and recent overview of borehole observations of basal conditions beneath three of these ice streams. Although much of the recent work on ice streams focused on the soft-bedded conditions, it is important to remember that ice streams develop in hard-bedded settings as well. This caution is perhaps best underscored by findings of Stokes & Clark (2003), who identified a footprint of a palaeo-ice stream in northern Canada, where the ice stream was flowing over a predominantly hard bed.

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